Saturday, October 26, 2019

Propolis Mouthwash Outperforms Listerine Against Oral Bacteria

In reviewing studies of propolis use in mucous linings of the body, we find it very effective against bacteria and with anti-inflammatory properties, it speeds healing.  This study found propolis more effective than Listerine® and CHX at reducing oral bacteria.


Evaluation of Antibacterial Effect of Propolis and its Application in Mouthwash Production
Nazeri R1, Ghaiour M2, Abbasi S3.


OBJECTIVES:
Our purpose was to determine the antibacterial properties of propolis and to evaluate its use as an antibacterial mouthwash with minimal complications.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this experimental laboratory study, an alcoholic propolis extract was prepared. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was calculated for four bacterial species including Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus), and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) using agar dilution. According to the MIC, a propolis antibacterial mouthwash was produced and compared to water,
chlorhexidine (CHX), and Listerine® using laboratory rats for clinical examination. Salivary specimens of rats were collected at 12 hours, 1 week, and 2 weeks after using the mouthwash and examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and repeated measures ANOVA (α=0.05).

RESULTS:
The results of agar dilution test showed the lowest MIC for Staphylococcus aureus and the highest for Lactobacillus acidophilus. On the other hand, the results of this study showed that water alone had no effect on the level of oral bacteria. In the case of Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Lactobacillus Acidophilus mouthwash, the Propolis mouthwash showed a significant difference with chlorhexidine and Listerine (P < 0 .05) , while chlorhexidine and listerine had lower effect in comparison. As for Staphylococcus aureus, there was no significant difference between chlorhexidine and listerine (P > 0 .05), but Listerine had the lower effect than either (P < 0 .05 ) but Listerine had the lower effect than either ( P < 0.05 ).

CONCLUSION:
According to the results, propolis mouthwash was more efficient against the studied oral bacteria compared to CHX and Listerine®.

Copyright© Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences.