Preparation
and characterization of mucoadhesive thermoresponsive systems containing
propolis for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis
J Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013, Jan 18
Abstract
This work
describes the preparation and characterization of mucoadhesive thermoresponsive
systems consisted of poloxamer 407 (P407), Carbopol® 934P (C934P), and propolis
to treat vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC).
Systems
were obtained with different percentages of P407 and C934P to deliver propolis,
a potent drug against VVC. Temperature of gelation, hardness, compressibility,
adhesiveness, elasticity, cohesiveness, mucoadhesion, rheology (continuous flow
and oscillatory), in vitro drug release, and antimicrobial activity were
evaluated. Increasing the polymer content or temperature and the drug presence
significantly increased mechanical properties of formulations. These exhibited
pseudoplastic flow and low degrees of thixotropy. In most samples, increasing
the C934P content significantly changed the oscillatory rheological properties.
Formulations showed thermoresponsive behavior, existing as a liquid at room
temperature and gel at 34°C–37°C. Propolis release from formulations was
controlled by phenomenon of relaxation of polymer chains or displayed anomalous
behavior, dependent of concentration of each polymer. The in vitro
antimicrobial activity of preparations was evaluated against microorganisms of
vaginal importance (Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis,
Candida tropicalis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae), displaying activity against
all yeast tested.
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