In reviewing studies of propolis use in mucous linings of the body, we find it very effective against bacteria and with anti-inflammatory properties, it speeds healing. This study found propolis more effective than Listerine® and CHX at reducing oral bacteria.
Copyright© Dental Research Center, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences.
Evaluation
of Antibacterial Effect of Propolis and its Application in Mouthwash
Production
Nazeri R1,
Ghaiour M2, Abbasi S3.
OBJECTIVES:
Our purpose
was to determine the antibacterial properties of propolis and to evaluate its use
as an antibacterial mouthwash with minimal complications.
MATERIALS
AND METHODS:
In this
experimental laboratory study, an alcoholic propolis extract was prepared. The
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was calculated for four bacterial
species including Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Streptococcus mutans (S.
mutans), Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus), and Enterococcus faecalis
(E. faecalis) using agar dilution. According to the MIC, a propolis
antibacterial mouthwash was produced and compared to water,
chlorhexidine
(CHX), and Listerine® using laboratory rats for clinical examination. Salivary
specimens of rats were collected at 12 hours, 1 week, and 2 weeks after using
the mouthwash and examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and repeated
measures ANOVA (α=0.05).
RESULTS:
The results of agar dilution test showed the lowest MIC for Staphylococcus aureus and the highest for Lactobacillus acidophilus. On the other hand, the results of this study showed that water alone had no effect on the level of oral bacteria. In the case of Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Lactobacillus Acidophilus mouthwash, the Propolis mouthwash showed a significant difference with chlorhexidine and Listerine (P < 0 .05) , while chlorhexidine and listerine had lower effect in comparison. As for Staphylococcus aureus, there was no significant difference between chlorhexidine and listerine (P > 0 .05), but Listerine had the lower
effect than either (P < 0 .05 ) but Listerine had the lower effect than either ( P < 0.05 ).
CONCLUSION:
According
to the results, propolis mouthwash was more efficient against the studied oral
bacteria compared to CHX and Listerine®.
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